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What is a renal biopsy?

This diagnostic procedure is used for extracting kidney tissue to examine the cause of some renal diseases, failing kidney or proteinuria through laboratory analysis. It helps your doctor determine the kind of kidney disease you have, the severity of the same, as well as the optimal treatment for it. You might also need a renal biopsy, in case you have had a kidney transplant in the past and it is not functioning properly.

At NU Hospitals in India, the patient is admitted on the morning of the procedure and is required to take a complete day of bed rest post it. It is often an outpatient procedure, but if an ultrasound or CT scan is necessary during the procedure it can also be performed in a radiology department. In addition to renal biopsy, we provide a plethora of treatments under nephrology at our kidney transplantation centre in Bangalore, including renal transplant surgery.

Know the Procedure

The most common biopsy is percutaneous biopsy, which is done by inserting a needle through the skin. The doctor identifies the site of the insertion and anesthetizes the same. Then the doctor removes the kidney tissue through the needle. Once the sample is taken, the needle is removed and the puncture then bandaged.

Why is renal biopsy carried out?

When your blood or urine tests give the indication of a non-functioning kidney, your doctor will opt for a renal biopsy. It is carried out in the following cases:

• To check if a kidney tumour is benign
• To check the functioning of a transplanted kidney
• To find the cause of blood in the urine (hematuria)
• To know the reason for unusual level of waste products present in the blood
• To see the severity of a failing kidney
• To build an optimal treatment for a diseased kidney
• To determine the high levels of protein in your urine (proteinuira)

What are the complications involved?

The process of renal biopsy does not involve any major complications. A few minor ones include bleeding, pain or a fistula between two blood vessels that may occur. In rare cases, there could be internal bleeding or infection in the kidney.

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